Echinococcus granulosus - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT NAME: Echinococcus granulosus SYNONYM OR CROSS REFERENCE: Echinococcosis, Unilocular echinococcosis, Cystic hydatid disease (CHD) CHARACTERISTICS: Tapeworm consisting of 3 to 5 segments, usually 3-6
mm long; scolex has 4 suckers followed by a germinative neck region, one developing segment and one gravid segment containing several segments;
cyst usual y is slow growing, generally are 1-7 cm in diameter, but may exceed
SECTION II - HEALTH HAZARD PATHOGENICITY: Manifestation depends on the site and size of the cyst
(hydatid) of the lungs, liver and subcutaneous tissues may be asymptomatic for
many years, but pressure effects may develop; in sensitive areas, hydatids may cause blocking effects and mechanical compression leading to col apse of
infected bones, blindness and epiletiform seizures; the rupture of a hydatid cyst may induce sudden anaphylactic shock
EPIDEMIOLOGY: Most common in temperate sheep-raising areas; southern
South America, southern and central Commonwealth of Independent States, south western Asia, Meditarranean coast, Australia, New Zealand, Middle East,
northern Africa, western USA, northwest Canada and Alaska; most common
HOST RANGE: Definitive hosts are the dog, wolf, dingo and other Canidae; usual intermediate host is the herbivore (sheep, bovines, swine, goats, equine, INFECTIOUS DOSE: Not known MODE OF TRANSMISSION: Hand-to-mouth transfer of tapeworm eggs from
dog feces; fecally contaminated food and water; in northwest Canada, disease
is maintained in a wolf-moose cycle, from which the dog bring the parasite to people
INCUBATION PERIOD: Variable, from 12 months to years, depending on the COMMUNICABILITY: Not directly transmitted from person-to-person; dogs begin to pass eggs 7 weeks after infection; most infections are lost after 6
months; adult worms may survive for 2-3 years
SECTION III - DISSEMINATION
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Echinococcus granulosus - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
RESERVOIR: Humans, dogs, wolf, sheep, goat, pig, cattle ZOONOSIS: Yes, infection is mostly acquired through contact with canines VECTORS: coprophagic flies may serve as mechanical vector of the eggs, SECTION IV - VIABILITY DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Sensitive to albendazole, mebendazole, praziquartel (dogs), experimental use oxfendazole SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Susceptible to 1% sodium PHYSICAL INACTIVATION: Sensitive to heat and desiccation SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Eggs may survive for several months in pasture,
garden, and on household fomites; survives in water and damp sand for 3 weeks at 30° C, 225 days at 6° C and 32 days at 10-21° C
SECTION V - MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE: Monitor for symptoms; confirm by ultrasonographic and
serologic tests (laxtex agglutination test)
FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Administer appropriate drug therapy; surgical removal of large solitary liver cysts IMMUNIZATION: None available PROPHYLAXIS: Mebendazole and albendazole have been used successfully SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDS LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: None reported to date SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Sputum, tissue biopsy PRIMARY HAZARDS: Ingestion; droplet exposure of the mucous membrane SPECIAL HAZARDS: Ingestion of eggs by hand-to-mouth transfer SECTION VII - RECOMMENDED PRECAUTIONS CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Biosafety level 2 practices and containment equipment for al activities involving the infective stages of the
parasite or any potential y infectious body fluids or tissues
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Laboratory coat; gloves when skin contact with OTHER PRECAUTIONS: Work with this parasite (gravid segments) should be
conducted in a biosafety cabinet or its equivalent.
SECTION VIII - HANDLING INFORMATION
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Echinococcus granulosus - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing gently cover the spill with absorbent paper towel and apply 1% sodium hypochlorite starting at
the perimeter and working towards the center; allow sufficient contact time (30 min) before clean up
DISPOSAL: Decontaminate al wastes before disposal; steam sterilization, STORAGE: In sealed containers that are appropriately labelled SECTION IX - MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION Date prepared: January, 2001 Prepared by: Office of Laboratory Security, PHAC
Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this
Material Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any
loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date.
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Echinococcus granulosus - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES
Echinococcus granulosus - Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle; wearing protective clothing gently cover the