Compliance in the prescribing of new oral proton pump inhibitors (ppi’s) against local and trust guidelines for inpatients
LANCASHIRE TEACHING HOSPITALS NHS FOUNDATION TRUST Compliance in prescribing for the initiation of new oral Proton Pump Inhibitors against local and trust guidelines for inpatients. By Sameer Patel Project Supervisor: Jean Holmes (Senior Pharmacist) Background Information
Proton pump inhibitors ( PPI’s) act on inhibiting gastric secretions in parietal cells of
the stomach. There are various clinical indications such as prevention of NSAID associated ulcers, short term treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers, alongside methotrexate therapy, and decreasing gastric acid secretion in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Patients that are nil by mouth may be initiated on IV Esomeprazole but cost and trust guidelines should be considered when switching the patient onto oral PPIs. Cost of PPIs varies greatly from oral Lansoprazole 30mg costing £3.06 per 28 capsules to oral Esomeprazole (Nexium) 20mg costing £18.50 per 28 tablets1. Under Lancashire Teaching Hospital’s guidelines the initiation of PPI states that Lansoprazole as first line orally. It is the most cost effective choice and is clinically appropriate. Aim
To measure the compliance of oral PPI initiation with reference to trust guidelines. Objectives
1. Determine the percentage of patients that are switched from IV Esomeprazole to oral
Esomeprazole instead of oral Lansoprazole.
2. Determine the number of patients initiated on 1st line PPIs compared to 2nd line PPIs. 3. Determine how many patients are discharged on 2nd line PPIs without a pharmacy
intervention or the intervention excluded without reason.
4. Determine the number of patients with a pharmaceutical intervention switched to
Lansoprazole from Esomeprazole due to incorrect prescribing and/or not previously admitted on a PPI.
A questionnaire was given to pharmacists at both hospital sites (Preston and Chorley)
to monitor the initiation of new oral PPI’s on the wards for a period of 2 weeks. The questionnaire included an additional comment section to record reasons not included in the list provided on the choice of PPI.
Results There were 48 patients across both sites which were recorded to have new oral PPI’s prescribed. Pie Chart to show initiation of PPI's
Rabeprazole was prescribed alongside Methotrexate, an intervention was suggested but it was not actioned. Both Esomeprazole initiations were due to IV to oral change that was incorrect, but was changed to Lansoprazole by the pharmacist. Discussion/ Conclusion
Results show that the majority of prescribing PPIs follows the trust’s guidelines and
that 1st line PPI (Lansoprazole) was prescribed 93% of the time. 4% of the PPI initiations were for oral Esomeprazole following IV therapy without a clinical reason documented for its choice. Pharmacist’s intervention managed to change 100% of these cases to Lansoprazole. Rabeprazole was started on one occasion, there was an attempt for it to be changed to a 1st line PPI but there was no success. This non-compliance to trust guidelines would cost the NHS an additional £15 a month. In conclusion, although the guidelines were followed pharmacist’s played an important role in suggesting the change to Lansoprazole provided savings to the trust.
Limitations to this study were that there may have been patients not seen by a
pharmacist and hence initiation of a PPI may not have been documented. The time of data collection was half way through the year, therefore junior doctors may have been made aware of the guidelines through previous interventions and hence the number of interventions may not have been as high as if the study was done in August. References:
Bei Einnahme von Elontril mit anderen ArzneimittelnInformieren Sie Ihren Arzt und nehmen Sie Elontril nicht ein, wenn Sie Arzneimittel gegenGEBRAUCHSINFORMATION: INFORMATION FÜR DEN ANWENDERDepressionen einnehmen oder in den letzten 14 Tagen eingenommen haben, die Mono- aminooxidase-Hemmer (MAO-Hemmer oder MAOIs) genannt werden (siehe auch „Elontrildarf nicht eingenommen werden,“
What Happened To My Gut? (A Story About What CAN Happen To Your Bunny If You Don’t Feed It Right) By Sharon Hollars, DVM Nutrition is one of the main keys to keeping rabbits healthy. The first article, “I Know Bunnies Like Carrots, But What Should My Bunny REALLY Eat?” discusses what you SHOULD be feeding your bunny. This article covers some of the more common things that ca